JavaPoet


Source link: https://github.com/square/javapoet

JavaPoet

JavaPoet is a Java API for generating .java source files.

Source file generation can be useful when doing things such as annotation processing or interacting with metadata files (e.g., database schemas, protocol formats). By generating code, you eliminate the need to write boilerplate while also keeping a single source of truth for the metadata.

Example

Here's a (boring) HelloWorld class:

package com.example.helloworld;  public final class HelloWorld {

public static void main(String[] args) {

  System.out.println("Hello, JavaPoet!");

}
 
}

And this is the (exciting) code to generate it with JavaPoet:

MethodSpec main = MethodSpec.methodBuilder("main")
  .addModifiers(Modifier.PUBLIC, Modifier.STATIC)
  .returns(void.class)
  .addParameter(String[].class, "args")
  .addStatement("$T.out.println($S)", System.class, "Hello, JavaPoet!")
  .build();
  TypeSpec helloWorld = TypeSpec.classBuilder("HelloWorld")
  .addModifiers(Modifier.PUBLIC, Modifier.FINAL)
  .addMethod(main)
  .build();
  JavaFile javaFile = JavaFile.builder("com.example.helloworld", helloWorld)
  .build();
  javaFile.writeTo(System.out);

To declare the main method, we've created a MethodSpec "main" configured with modifiers, return type, parameters and code statements. We add the main method to a HelloWorld class, and then add that to a HelloWorld.java file.

In this case we write the file to System.out, but we could also get it as a string ( JavaFile.toString()) or write it to the file system ( JavaPoet.writeTo()).

The Javadoc catalogs the complete JavaPoet API, which we explore below.

Code & Control Flow

Most of JavaPoet's API uses plain old immutable Java objects. There's also builders, method chaining and varargs to make the API friendly. JavaPoet offers models for classes & interfaces ( TypeSpec), fields ( FieldSpec), methods & constructors ( MethodSpec), parameters ( ParameterSpec) and annotations ( AnnotationSpec).

But the body of methods and constructors is not modeled. There's no expression class, no statement class or syntax tree nodes. Instead, JavaPoet uses strings for code blocks:

MethodSpec main = MethodSpec.methodBuilder("main")
  .addCode(""

+ "int total = 0;\n"

+ "for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
\n"

+ "  total += i;\n"

+ "
}
\n")
  .build();

Which generates this:

void main() {

int total = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {

  total += i;

}
 
}

The manual semicolons, line wrapping, and indentation are tedious and so JavaPoet offers APIs to make it easier. There's addStatement() which takes care of semicolons and newline, and beginControlFlow() + endControlFlow() which are used together for braces, newlines, and indentation:

MethodSpec main = MethodSpec.methodBuilder("main")
  .addStatement("int total = 0")
  .beginControlFlow("for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)")
  .addStatement("total += i")
  .endControlFlow()
  .build();

This example is lame because the generated code is constant! Suppose instead of just adding 0 to 10, we want to make the operation and range configurable. Here's a method that generates a method:

private MethodSpec computeRange(String name, int from, int to, String op) {

return MethodSpec.methodBuilder(name)

 .returns(int.class)

 .addStatement("int result = 0")

 .beginControlFlow("for (int i = " + from + "; i < " + to + "; i++)")

 .addStatement("result = result " + op + " i")

 .endControlFlow()

 .addStatement("return result")

 .build();
 
}

And here's what we get when we call computeRange("multiply10to20", 10, 20, "*"):

int multiply10to20() {

int result = 0;
for (int i = 10; i < 20; i++) {

  result = result * i;

}

return result; 
}

Methods generating methods! And since JavaPoet generates source instead of bytecode, you can read through it to make sure it's right.

$L for Literals

The string-concatenation in calls to beginControlFlow() and addStatement is distracting. Too many operators. To address this, JavaPoet offers a syntax inspired-by but incompatible-with String.format(). It accepts $L to emit a literal value in the output. This works just like Formatter's %s:

private MethodSpec computeRange(String name, int from, int to, String op) {

return MethodSpec.methodBuilder(name)

 .returns(int.class)

 .addStatement("int result = 0")

 .beginControlFlow("for (int i = $L; i < $L; i++)", from, to)

 .addStatement("result = result $L i", op)

 .endControlFlow()

 .addStatement("return result")

 .build();
 
}

Literals are emitted directly to the output code with no escaping. Arguments for literals may be strings, primitives, and a few JavaPoet types described below.

$S for Strings

When emitting code that includes string literals, we can use $S to emit a string, complete with wrapping quotation marks and escaping. Here's a program that emits 3 methods, each of which returns its own name:

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

TypeSpec helloWorld = TypeSpec.classBuilder("HelloWorld")

 .addModifiers(Modifier.PUBLIC, Modifier.FINAL)

 .addMethod(whatsMyName("slimShady"))

 .addMethod(whatsMyName("eminem"))

 .addMethod(whatsMyName("marshallMathers"))

 .build();

 JavaFile javaFile = JavaFile.builder("com.example.helloworld", helloWorld)

 .build();

 javaFile.writeTo(System.out);
 
}
  private static MethodSpec whatsMyName(String name) {

return MethodSpec.methodBuilder(name)

 .returns(String.class)

 .addStatement("return $S", name)

 .build();
 
}

In this case, using $S gives us quotation marks:

public final class HelloWorld {

String slimShady() {

  return "slimShady";

}

 String eminem() {

  return "eminem";

}

 String marshallMathers() {

  return "marshallMathers";

}
 
}

$T for Types

We Java programmers love our types: they make our code easier to understand. And JavaPoet is on board. It has rich built-in support for types, including automatic generation of import statements. Just use $T to reference types:

MethodSpec today = MethodSpec.methodBuilder("today")
  .returns(Date.class)
  .addStatement("return new $T()", Date.class)
  .build();
  TypeSpec helloWorld = TypeSpec.classBuilder("HelloWorld")
  .addModifiers(Modifier.PUBLIC, Modifier.FINAL)
  .addMethod(today)
  .build();
  JavaFile javaFile = JavaFile.builder("com.example.helloworld", helloWorld)
  .build();
  javaFile.writeTo(System.out);

That generates the following .java file, complete with the necessary import:

package com.example.helloworld;  import java.util.Date;  public final class HelloWorld {

Date today() {

  return new Date();

}
 
}

We passed Date.class to reference a class that just-so-happens to be available when we're generating code. This doesn't need to be the case. Here's a similar example, but this one references a class that doesn't exist (yet):

ClassName hoverboard = ClassName.get("com.mattel", "Hoverboard");
  MethodSpec today = MethodSpec.methodBuilder("tomorrow")
  .returns(hoverboard)
  .addStatement("return new $T()", hoverboard)
  .build();

And that not-yet-existent class is imported as well:

package com.example.helloworld;  import com.mattel.Hoverboard;  public final class HelloWorld {

Hoverboard tomorrow() {

  return new Hoverboard();

}
 
}

The ClassName type is very important, and you'll need it frequently when you're using JavaPoet. It can identify any declared class. Declared types are just the beginning of Java's rich type system: we also have arrays, parameterized types, wildcard types, and type variables. JavaPoet has classes for building each of these:

ClassName hoverboard = ClassName.get("com.mattel", "Hoverboard");
 ClassName list = ClassName.get("java.util", "List");
 ClassName arrayList = ClassName.get("java.util", "ArrayList");
 TypeName listOfHoverboards = ParameterizedTypeName.get(list, hoverboard);
  MethodSpec beyond = MethodSpec.methodBuilder("beyond")
  .returns(listOfHoverboards)
  .addStatement("$T result = new $T<>()", listOfHoverboards, arrayList)
  .addStatement("result.add(new $T())", hoverboard)
  .addStatement("result.add(new $T())", hoverboard)
  .addStatement("result.add(new $T())", hoverboard)
  .addStatement("return result")
  .build();

JavaPoet will decompose each type and import its components where possible.

package com.example.helloworld;  import com.mattel.Hoverboard; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List;  public final class HelloWorld {

List<Hoverboard> beyond() {

  List<Hoverboard> result = new ArrayList<>();

  result.add(new Hoverboard());

  result.add(new Hoverboard());

  result.add(new Hoverboard());

  return result;

}
 
}

Import static

JavaPoet supports import static. It does it via explicitly collecting type member names. Let's enhance the previous example with some static sugar:

... ClassName namedBoards = ClassName.get("com.mattel", "Hoverboard", "Boards");
  MethodSpec beyond = MethodSpec.methodBuilder("beyond")
  .returns(listOfHoverboards)
  .addStatement("$T result = new $T<>()", listOfHoverboards, arrayList)
  .addStatement("result.add($T.createNimbus(2000))", hoverboard)
  .addStatement("result.add($T.createNimbus(\"2001\"))", hoverboard)
  .addStatement("result.add($T.createNimbus($T.THUNDERBOLT))", hoverboard, namedBoards)
  .addStatement("$T.sort(result)", Collections.class)
  .addStatement("return result.isEmpty() ? $T.emptyList() : result", Collections.class)
  .build();
  TypeSpec hello = TypeSpec.classBuilder("HelloWorld")
  .addMethod(beyond)
  .build();
  JavaFile.builder("com.example.helloworld", hello)
  .addStaticImport(hoverboard, "createNimbus")
  .addStaticImport(namedBoards, "*")
  .addStaticImport(Collections.class, "*")
  .build();

JavaPoet will first add your import static block to the file as configured, match and mangle all calls accordingly and also import all other types as needed.

package com.example.helloworld;  import static com.mattel.Hoverboard.Boards.*; import static com.mattel.Hoverboard.createNimbus; import static java.util.Collections.*;  import com.mattel.Hoverboard; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List;  class HelloWorld {

List<Hoverboard> beyond() {

  List<Hoverboard> result = new ArrayList<>();

  result.add(createNimbus(2000));

  result.add(createNimbus("2001"));

  result.add(createNimbus(THUNDERBOLT));

  sort(result);

  return result.isEmpty() ? emptyList() : result;

}
 
}

$N for Names

Generated code is often self-referential. Use $N to refer to another generated declaration by its name. Here's a method that calls another:

public String byteToHex(int b) {

char[] result = new char[2];
result[0] = hexDigit((b >>> 4) & 0xf);

result[1] = hexDigit(b & 0xf);

return new String(result);
 
}
  public char hexDigit(int i) {

return (char) (i < 10 ? i + '0' : i - 10 + 'a');
 
}

When generating the code above, we pass the hexDigit() method as an argument to the byteToHex() method using $N:

MethodSpec hexDigit = MethodSpec.methodBuilder("hexDigit")
  .addParameter(int.class, "i")
  .returns(char.class)
  .addStatement("return (char) (i < 10 ? i + '0' : i - 10 + 'a')")
  .build();
  MethodSpec byteToHex = MethodSpec.methodBuilder("byteToHex")
  .addParameter(int.class, "b")
  .returns(String.class)
  .addStatement("char[] result = new char[2]")
  .addStatement("result[0] = $N((b >>> 4) & 0xf)", hexDigit)
  .addStatement("result[1] = $N(b & 0xf)", hexDigit)
  .addStatement("return new String(result)")
  .build();

Code block format strings

Code blocks may specify the values for their placeholders in a few ways. Only one style may be used for each operation on a code block.

Relative Arguments

Pass an argument value for each placeholder in the format string to CodeBlock.add(). In each example, we generate code to say "I ate 3 tacos"

CodeBlock.builder().add("I ate $L $L", 3, "tacos")

Positional Arguments

Place an integer index (1-based) before the placeholder in the format string to specify which argument to use.

CodeBlock.builder().add("I ate $2L $1L", "tacos", 3)

Named Arguments

Use the syntax $argumentName:X where X is the format character and call CodeBlock.addNamed() with a map containing all argument keys in the format string. Argument names use characters in a-z, A-Z, 0-9, and _, and must start with a lowercase character.

Map<String, Object> map = new LinkedHashMap<>();
 map.put("food", "tacos");
 map.put("count", 3);
 CodeBlock.builder().addNamed("I ate $count:L $food:L", map)

Methods

All of the above methods have a code body. Use Modifiers.ABSTRACT to get a method without any body. This is only legal if the enclosing class is either abstract or an interface.

MethodSpec flux = MethodSpec.methodBuilder("flux")
  .addModifiers(Modifier.ABSTRACT, Modifier.PROTECTED)
  .build();
  TypeSpec helloWorld = TypeSpec.classBuilder("HelloWorld")
  .addModifiers(Modifier.PUBLIC, Modifier.ABSTRACT)
  .addMethod(flux)
  .build();

Which generates this:

public abstract class HelloWorld {

protected abstract void flux();
 
}

The other modifiers work where permitted. Note that when specifying modifiers, JavaPoet uses javax.lang.model.element.Modifier, a class that is not available on Android. This limitation applies to code-generating-code only; the output code runs everywhere: JVMs, Android, and GWT.

Methods also have parameters, exceptions, varargs, Javadoc, annotations, type variables, and a return type. All of these are configured with MethodSpec.Builder.

Constructors

MethodSpec is a slight misnomer; it can also be used for constructors:

MethodSpec flux = MethodSpec.constructorBuilder()
  .addModifiers(Modifier.PUBLIC)
  .addParameter(String.class, "greeting")
  .addStatement("this.$N = $N", "greeting", "greeting")
  .build();
  TypeSpec helloWorld = TypeSpec.classBuilder("HelloWorld")
  .addModifiers(Modifier.PUBLIC)
  .addField(String.class, "greeting", Modifier.PRIVATE, Modifier.FINAL)
  .addMethod(flux)
  .build();

Which generates this:

public class HelloWorld {

private final String greeting;
 public HelloWorld(String greeting) {

  this.greeting = greeting;

}
 
}

For the most part, constructors work just like methods. When emitting code, JavaPoet will place constructors before methods in the output file.

Parameters

Declare parameters on methods and constructors with either ParameterSpec.builder() or MethodSpec's convenient addParameter() API:

ParameterSpec android = ParameterSpec.builder(String.class, "android")
  .addModifiers(Modifier.FINAL)
  .build();
  MethodSpec welcomeOverlords = MethodSpec.methodBuilder("welcomeOverlords")
  .addParameter(android)
  .addParameter(String.class, "robot", Modifier.FINAL)
  .build();

Though the code above to generate android and robot parameters is different, the output is the same:

void welcomeOverlords(final String android, final String robot) {
 
}

The extended Builder form is necessary when the parameter has annotations (such as @Nullable).

Fields

Like parameters, fields can be created either with builders or by using convenient helper methods:

FieldSpec android = FieldSpec.builder(String.class, "android")
  .addModifiers(Modifier.PRIVATE, Modifier.FINAL)
  .build();
  TypeSpec helloWorld = TypeSpec.classBuilder("HelloWorld")
  .addModifiers(Modifier.PUBLIC)
  .addField(android)
  .addField(String.class, "robot", Modifier.PRIVATE, Modifier.FINAL)
  .build();

Which generates:

public class HelloWorld {

private final String android;
 private final String robot; 
}

The extended Builder form is necessary when a field has Javadoc, annotations, or a field initializer. Field initializers use the same String.format()-like syntax as the code blocks above:

FieldSpec android = FieldSpec.builder(String.class, "android")
  .addModifiers(Modifier.PRIVATE, Modifier.FINAL)
  .initializer("$S + $L", "Lollipop v.", 5.0d)
  .build();

Which generates:

private final String android = "Lollipop v." + 5.0;

Interfaces

JavaPoet has no trouble with interfaces. Note that interface methods must always be PUBLIC ABSTRACT and interface fields must always be PUBLIC STATIC FINAL. These modifiers are necessary when defining the interface:

TypeSpec helloWorld = TypeSpec.interfaceBuilder("HelloWorld")
  .addModifiers(Modifier.PUBLIC)
  .addField(FieldSpec.builder(String.class, "ONLY_THING_THAT_IS_CONSTANT")

.addModifiers(Modifier.PUBLIC, Modifier.STATIC, Modifier.FINAL)

.initializer("$S", "change")

.build())
  .addMethod(MethodSpec.methodBuilder("beep")

.addModifiers(Modifier.PUBLIC, Modifier.ABSTRACT)

.build())
  .build();

But these modifiers are omitted when the code is generated. These are the defaults so we don't need to include them for javac's benefit!

public interface HelloWorld {

String ONLY_THING_THAT_IS_CONSTANT = "change";
 void beep();
 
}

Enums

Use enumBuilder to create the enum type, and addEnumConstant() for each value:

TypeSpec helloWorld = TypeSpec.enumBuilder("Roshambo")
  .addModifiers(Modifier.PUBLIC)
  .addEnumConstant("ROCK")
  .addEnumConstant("SCISSORS")
  .addEnumConstant("PAPER")
  .build();

To generate this:

public enum Roshambo {

ROCK,
 SCISSORS,
 PAPER 
}

Fancy enums are supported, where the enum values override methods or call a superclass constructor. Here's a comprehensive example:

TypeSpec helloWorld = TypeSpec.enumBuilder("Roshambo")
  .addModifiers(Modifier.PUBLIC)
  .addEnumConstant("ROCK", TypeSpec.anonymousClassBuilder("$S", "fist")

.addMethod(MethodSpec.methodBuilder("toString")

 .addAnnotation(Override.class)

 .addModifiers(Modifier.PUBLIC)

 .addStatement("return $S", "avalanche!")

 .build())

.build())
  .addEnumConstant("SCISSORS", TypeSpec.anonymousClassBuilder("$S", "peace")

.build())
  .addEnumConstant("PAPER", TypeSpec.anonymousClassBuilder("$S", "flat")

.build())
  .addField(String.class, "handsign", Modifier.PRIVATE, Modifier.FINAL)
  .addMethod(MethodSpec.constructorBuilder()

.addParameter(String.class, "handsign")

.addStatement("this.$N = $N", "handsign", "handsign")

.build())
  .build();

Which generates this:

public enum Roshambo {

ROCK("fist") {

  @Override
  public void toString() {

 return "avalanche!";
  
}

}
,
 SCISSORS("peace"),
 PAPER("flat");

 private final String handsign;
 Roshambo(String handsign) {

  this.handsign = handsign;

}
 
}

Anonymous Inner Classes

In the enum code, we used Types.anonymousInnerClass(). Anonymous inner classes can also be used in code blocks. They are values that can be referenced with $L:

TypeSpec comparator = TypeSpec.anonymousClassBuilder("")
  .addSuperinterface(ParameterizedTypeName.get(Comparator.class, String.class))
  .addMethod(MethodSpec.methodBuilder("compare")

.addAnnotation(Override.class)

.addModifiers(Modifier.PUBLIC)

.addParameter(String.class, "a")

.addParameter(String.class, "b")

.returns(int.class)

.addStatement("return $N.length() - $N.length()", "a", "b")

.build())
  .build();
  TypeSpec helloWorld = TypeSpec.classBuilder("HelloWorld")
  .addMethod(MethodSpec.methodBuilder("sortByLength")

.addParameter(ParameterizedTypeName.get(List.class, String.class), "strings")

.addStatement("$T.sort($N, $L)", Collections.class, "strings", comparator)

.build())
  .build();

This generates a method that contains a class that contains a method:

void sortByLength(List<String> strings) {

Collections.sort(strings, new Comparator<String>() {

  @Override
  public int compare(String a, String b) {

 return a.length() - b.length();

  
}

}
);
 
}

One particularly tricky part of defining anonymous inner classes is the arguments to the superclass constructor. In the above code we're passing the empty string for no arguments: TypeSpec.anonymousClassBuilder(""). To pass different parameters use JavaPoet's code block syntax with commas to separate arguments.

Annotations

Simple annotations are easy:

MethodSpec toString = MethodSpec.methodBuilder("toString")
  .addAnnotation(Override.class)
  .returns(String.class)
  .addModifiers(Modifier.PUBLIC)
  .addStatement("return $S", "Hoverboard")
  .build();

Which generates this method with an @Override annotation:

  @Override
public String toString() {

  return "Hoverboard";

}

Use AnnotationSpec.builder() to set properties on annotations:

MethodSpec logRecord = MethodSpec.methodBuilder("recordEvent")
  .addModifiers(Modifier.PUBLIC, Modifier.ABSTRACT)
  .addAnnotation(AnnotationSpec.builder(Headers.class)

.addMember("accept", "$S", "application/json; charset=utf-8")

.addMember("userAgent", "$S", "Square Cash")

.build())
  .addParameter(LogRecord.class, "logRecord")
  .returns(LogReceipt.class)
  .build();

Which generates this annotation with accept and userAgent properties:

@Headers(
  accept = "application/json; charset=utf-8",
  userAgent = "Square Cash" ) LogReceipt recordEvent(LogRecord logRecord);

When you get fancy, annotation values can be annotations themselves. Use $L for embedded annotations:

MethodSpec logRecord = MethodSpec.methodBuilder("recordEvent") .addModifiers(Modifier.PUBLIC, Modifier.ABSTRACT) .addAnnotation(AnnotationSpec.builder(HeaderList.class) .addMember("value", "$L", AnnotationSpec.builder(Header.class) .addMember("name", "$S", "Accept") .addMember("value", "$S", "application/json; charset=utf-8") .build()) .addMember("value", "$L", AnnotationSpec.builder(Header.class) .addMember("name", "$S", "User-Agent") .addMember("value", "$S", "Square Cash") .build()) .build()) .addParameter(LogRecord.class, "logRecord") .returns(LogReceipt 

Resources

Example code for "How-To SU" http://su.chainfire.eu

The ksoap2-android project provides a lightweight and efficient SOAP client library for the Android platform.

A framework for building 2D games for the Android platform.

Tweet Lanes is a fully functional Twitter client, targeted at Android devices running API 14 and above.

QuiltView displays views of different sizes in a scrollable grid.

Robolectric is a unit test framework that de-fangs the Android SDK jar so you can test-drive the development of your Android app. Tests run inside the JVM on your workstation in seconds.

Topics


2D Engines   3D Engines   9-Patch   Action Bars   Activities   ADB   Advertisements   Analytics   Animations   ANR   AOP   API   APK   APT   Architecture   Audio   Autocomplete   Background Processing   Backward Compatibility   Badges   Bar Codes   Benchmarking   Bitmaps   Bluetooth   Blur Effects   Bread Crumbs   BRMS   Browser Extensions   Build Systems   Bundles   Buttons   Caching   Camera   Canvas   Cards   Carousels   Changelog   Checkboxes   Cloud Storages   Color Analysis   Color Pickers   Colors   Comet/Push   Compass Sensors   Conferences   Content Providers   Continuous Integration   Crash Reports   Credit Cards   Credits   CSV   Curl/Flip   Data Binding   Data Generators   Data Structures   Database   Database Browsers   Date &   Debugging   Decompilers   Deep Links   Dependency Injections   Design   Design Patterns   Dex   Dialogs   Distributed Computing   Distribution Platforms   Download Managers   Drawables   Emoji   Emulators   EPUB   Equalizers &   Event Buses   Exception Handling   Face Recognition   Feedback &   File System   File/Directory   Fingerprint   Floating Action   Fonts   Forms   Fragments   FRP   FSM   Functional Programming   Gamepads   Games   Geocaching   Gestures   GIF   Glow Pad   Gradle Plugins   Graphics   Grid Views   Highlighting   HTML   HTTP Mocking   Icons   IDE   IDE Plugins   Image Croppers   Image Loaders   Image Pickers   Image Processing   Image Views   Instrumentation   Intents   Job Schedulers   JSON   Keyboard   Kotlin   Layouts   Library Demos   List View   List Views   Localization   Location   Lock Patterns   Logcat   Logging   Mails   Maps   Markdown   Mathematics   Maven Plugins   MBaaS   Media   Menus   Messaging   MIME   Mobile Web   Native Image   Navigation   NDK   Networking   NFC   NoSQL   Number Pickers   OAuth   Object Mocking   OCR Engines   OpenGL   ORM   Other Pickers   Parallax List   Parcelables   Particle Systems   Password Inputs   PDF   Permissions   Physics Engines   Platforms   Plugin Frameworks   Preferences   Progress Indicators   ProGuard   Properties   Protocol Buffer   Pull To   Purchases   Push/Pull   QR Codes   Quick Return   Radio Buttons   Range Bars   Ratings   Recycler Views   Resources   REST   Ripple Effects   RSS   Screenshots   Scripting   Scroll Views   SDK   Search Inputs   Security   Sensors   Services   Showcase Views   Signatures   Sliding Panels   Snackbars   SOAP   Social Networks   Spannable   Spinners   Splash Screens   SSH   Static Analysis   Status Bars   Styling   SVG   System   Tags   Task Managers   TDD &   Template Engines   Testing   Testing Tools   Text Formatting   Text Views   Text Watchers   Text-to   Toasts   Toolkits For   Tools   Tooltips   Trainings   TV   Twitter   Updaters   USB   User Stories   Utils   Validation   Video   View Adapters   View Pagers   Views   Watch Face   Wearable Data   Wearables   Weather   Web Tools   Web Views   WebRTC   WebSockets   Wheel Widgets   Wi-Fi   Widgets   Windows   Wizards   XML   XMPP   YAML   ZIP Codes