List body sensors available on Android devices

ADB can be your friend here:

adb shell dumpsys sensorservice

will provide you with a list of all your devices sensors plus details on them. In the following example, I've just captured a list of their names (better readability) using my Linux machine with my Wileyfox Swift connected:

$ adb shell dumpsys sensorservice |egrep -B99999 "^halVersion" |awk -F '|' '{
print $1
}
' |grep -v -e '^[[:space:]]*$'

Sensor List:

liteon-light


liteon-proximity

BOSCH Acceleration Sensor

BOSCH Gyroscope Sensor

BOSCH Magnetic Field Sensor

BOSCH Orientation Sensor

BOSCH Gravity Sensor

BOSCH Linear Acceleration Sensor

BOSCH Rotation Vector Sensor

BOSCH Game Rotation Vector Sensor

BOSCH Gyroscope Uncalibrated Sensor

BOSCH Magnetic Field Uncalibrated Sensor

BOSCH Geomagnetic Rotation Vector Sensor

Rotation Vector Sensor

Gravity Sensor 

Linear Acceleration Sensor

Orientation Sensor

Corrected Gyroscope Sensor

Gyroscope Bias (debug)

9-axis fusion disabled (0 clients), gyro-rate= 200.00Hz, q=< 0, 0, 0, 0 > (0), b=< 0, 0, 0 >

halVersion 16973825

Distinguishing the sensor types is a different issue and IMHO not covered that easily. But knowing what sensors are there altogether, you can tell them apart yourself.

Self-promotion: My tool Adebar includes those in the device documentation it generates.